SELF-KNOWLEDGE - 7. JAPA YOGA - MUTTERING OF MANTRA - Sri Swami Sivananda - With Complete Translation of All Sanskrit Words.

Sri Swami Sivananda – Self-Knowledge - Chapter 7: Japa Yoga
In Chapter 7 of his book Self-Knowledge, Sri Swami Sivananda delves into the practice of Japa Yoga, a vital method of spiritual advancement that revolves around the repetition of sacred mantras. Japa, or the chanting of divine names, is one of the most profound techniques for cultivating inner peace, purifying the mind, and attaining self-realization. This chapter outlines the essence of Japa Yoga, its various forms, and its immense benefits in one’s spiritual journey. Below is a detailed exploration of each subchapter within this section.

Japa, The Easy Sadhana
Swami Sivananda introduces Japa as an easy and effective sadhana (spiritual practice), accessible to everyone regardless of their physical, mental, or intellectual abilities. Unlike other forms of yoga, Japa does not require intense physical postures or elaborate rituals. Instead, it is a simple practice of repetitive chanting, which can be done in any location and at any time, making it an ideal practice for both householders and renunciates. Japa can be practiced silently (mental repetition) or vocally, and it can be incorporated into daily routines. Swamiji emphasizes that consistent practice of Japa leads to the gradual purification of the mind, helping the practitioner overcome distractions and egoic tendencies. By focusing the mind on the sound and vibration of the mantra, the individual can connect with the divine essence and transcend worldly illusions.

Mantras For Japa
In this section, Swami Sivananda explains the significance of mantras, the sacred syllables or words that form the core of Japa practice. A mantra is not just a combination of sounds, but a vibration that carries divine energy and spiritual power. The chanting of mantras serves as a means to attune the mind to a higher consciousness, align it with divine will, and purify the individual’s inner being. Swamiji discusses various types of mantras, emphasizing the importance of selecting a mantra that resonates with the individual. Some common mantras include the powerful Om Namah Shivaya (a mantra dedicated to Lord Shiva) and Hare Krishna Hare Rama (a mantra devoted to Lord Vishnu). Additionally, the Gayatri mantra, which is one of the most revered mantras in Hinduism, is also a central focus. The choice of mantra is personal and should be taken with careful consideration, ideally under the guidance of a spiritual teacher. He explains that each mantra has a specific vibration that affects the individual’s consciousness. The sound of the mantra is believed to have a transformative effect, and the regular chanting of a mantra creates a protective shield around the practitioner, guiding them towards spiritual growth and enlightenment.

Ajapa Japa
Swamiji introduces Ajapa Japa as an advanced form of Japa Yoga, which involves the silent, spontaneous repetition of a mantra without conscious effort. Unlike the regular chanting of a mantra, Ajapa Japa is a practice where the mantra repeats itself effortlessly in the mind, often aligned with the breath. Ajapa refers to the mental repetition of a mantra, where it is silently recited in synchronization with the natural rhythm of breathing, even when the practitioner is not consciously engaged in the practice. In this state, the mantra flows automatically and effortlessly, like a continuous thread of divine consciousness running through the individual’s mind. It is a more advanced technique that is said to bring the practitioner into a deep state of meditation, where the repetition of the mantra becomes an intrinsic part of one’s mental processes. The benefits of Ajapa Japa are immense: it helps deepen meditation, calms the mind, and aids in cultivating higher levels of concentration. With consistent practice, the mantra’s vibrations become integrated into the practitioner’s subtle body, gradually leading to spiritual awakening.

Likhita Japa
Likhita Japa, or the practice of writing the mantra, is a unique method of Japa Yoga in which the practitioner writes out the mantra repeatedly on paper. Swami Sivananda explains that this practice serves as a powerful form of mental discipline and concentration. Writing the mantra enhances focus and reinforces the connection between the mind and the sound vibrations of the mantra. This form of Japa is particularly useful for individuals who may find it difficult to maintain concentration during vocal or mental chanting. The act of physically writing each letter of the mantra engages the mind, body, and soul, resulting in a holistic experience of Japa. Likhita Japa is said to have a purifying effect on the mind, as it helps reduce restlessness and strengthens one-pointed concentration. It is also believed to have a therapeutic effect, bringing peace and harmony to the practitioner. Swamiji recommends this form of Japa for beginners and those who find it difficult to sit still for extended periods or maintain focus through other forms of meditation.

Benefits of Japa
Swami Sivananda elaborates on the profound benefits of Japa, describing it as a powerful tool for spiritual purification. The practice of Japa has the ability to transform the mind and elevate the soul, enabling the practitioner to experience greater inner peace, clarity, and connection to the divine.

1. Purification of the Mind: Repeated chanting of a mantra cleanses the mind of negative thoughts, desires, and emotions, helping the practitioner develop mental discipline and emotional stability.
2. Reduction of Stress and Anxiety: Japa has a calming effect on the nervous system, reducing stress and anxiety by promoting relaxation and mindfulness.
3. Cultivation of Positive Qualities: Japa helps to foster virtues like patience, humility, and devotion, as it encourages the practitioner to focus on a higher purpose and remove egoic tendencies.
4. Connection to the Divine: Through Japa, the practitioner establishes a direct connection with the divine, experiencing spiritual upliftment and a deeper sense of inner fulfillment.
5. Enhancement of Concentration: Regular practice of Japa improves mental focus and concentration, which can benefit other aspects of life, including work, relationships, and overall well-being.

In essence, Swamiji emphasizes that Japa is a universal practice, accessible to people of all backgrounds, ages, and levels of spiritual development. It is a simple, yet highly effective, method to deepen one’s meditation practice, attain peace of mind, and ultimately realize the self.

Constant Japa With Bhava Needed
In the final section of this chapter, Swami Sivananda stresses the importance of performing constant Japa with Bhava (devotional feeling or attitude). While the mere repetition of a mantra is beneficial, it is the attitude of devotion and surrender that truly enhances the effectiveness of Japa practice. Swamiji highlights that Japa should not be performed mechanically or without feeling. The practitioner must infuse the chanting with genuine love, reverence, and longing for the divine. Bhava, or the devotional attitude, elevates the practice of Japa from a mere physical or mental exercise to a deeply spiritual experience. It is the emotional connection with the mantra and the divine that empowers the practice and brings about profound spiritual transformation. Additionally, constant practice of Japa, integrated into daily life, is essential for achieving the desired benefits. Persistence and regularity are key components of Japa Yoga. Swamiji advises that one should strive to make Japa a continuous part of one’s life, integrating it into all activities, whether it’s walking, working, or resting. By combining both Japa and Bhava, the practitioner can experience a deep state of devotion and inner peace, transcending the limitations of the ego and coming closer to the ultimate goal of self-realization.
In conclusion, Chapter 7 of Self-Knowledge by Swami Sivananda provides an in-depth exploration of Japa Yoga as a path to spiritual awakening and inner peace. Through the practice of Japa, whether in the form of vocal repetition, mental repetition (Ajapa), writing (Likhita), or with a deep sense of devotion (Bhava), the practitioner can purify the mind, develop concentration, and experience divine presence. Swamiji’s teachings on Japa offer a simple yet powerful method for spiritual seekers, making it one of the most accessible and effective practices in the yogic tradition.  
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